Airway, Ventilation and Respiration (Paramedic) Study Center > Diagnostic Tests > Paramedic Diagnostic Tests > Airway, Ventilation and Respiration (Paramedic) Step 1 of 30 3% You are attempting to face mask ventilate a morbidly obese patient who has taken a narcotic overdose. You are unable to obtain chest rise with your initial breath. You should next* insert an endotracheal tube. reposition the head and assure a sniffing position. move the patient to a supine position. insert a blind insertion airway. A 77 year old male is being transported on a ventilator and suddenly develops signs of hypoxia including cyanosis and low pulse oximetry. You further note the new onset of JVD. You should next* confirm bilateral lung sounds. attempt deep tracheal suctioning. increase the FiO2 being delivered. immediately remove the endotracheal tube. Decreased pH in a shock patient is most prominently caused by* hypocapnea. anaerobic metabolism. dehydration. aerobic metabolism. A 5 year old male is being ventilated with a bag mask device. You note abdominal distention and difficulty squeezing the bag. You should next* insert a gastric tube to decompress the stomach. insert a supraglottic airway. increase the pressure of ventilation. needle decompress the patient’s chest. A 65 year old male with a history of coronary artery disease presents with a new onset of severe shortness of breath. He is breathing with severe distress and his respiratory rate is 60. When assessing waveform capnography you note very low amplitude waves and a numeric value of 10 mmHg. You should suspect* a spontaneous pneumothorax. your capnograph is not functioning properly. a pulmonary embolism. respiratory alkalosis. A 4 year old male has been found apneic and unconscious after being struck by a vehicle. He has abrasions on his head and his pulse is 74. After initiating transport to the trauma center 10 minutes away you should* initiate endotracheal intubation. apply a non-rebreather mask. insert a supraglottic airway. insert a nasal pharyngeal airway. A 3 year old has had a cough for 8 days. Her mother reports that the coughing episodes are growing more and more severe and called today because the child turned blue when coughing. The child is awake but appears drowsy and slightly gray. You should first administer* intravenous corticosteroids. inhaled magnesium. inhaled epinephrine. high concentration oxygen. A 19 year old male is in severe respiratory distress. His family states he has been struggling all day but was resistant to calling EMS. They note a long history of asthma. The patient is confused, cyanotic and gasping for air. His vital signs are P 140, R 8, BP 98/60. His pulse oximetry is 84%. You should first* administer ipratropium bromide. administer a corticosteroid. initiate an albuterol treatment. begin positive pressure ventilation. A 19 year old male has been burned pouring gasoline on a fire. He has partial thickness burns to his chest, neck and lower face. He is speaking normally but complains of pain upon breathing. His vital signs are P 120, R 30, BP 122/82. You should first* insert a supraglottic airway. administer humidified oxygen. administer a fluid bolus. initiate endotracheal intubation. You have achieved return of spontaneous circulation following ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest in a 63 year old female. She remains unconscious and apneic. Her vital signs are P 100, R 12 (via bag mask device), BP 100/65. You should next* administer a 1L normal saline bolus. initiate a norepinephrine infusion. begin an amiodarone infusion. insert an advanced airway. Which of the following would most likely cause a lower airway burn?* Inhalation of superheated steam An AC electrical burn Ingestion of superheated liquid Circumferential burns of the chest You have just inserted a needle through the cricothyroid membrane of an adult patient and now wish to ventilate. Which of the following methods would be most appropriate?* An ET tube connector attached to a bag mask device Oxygen tubing attached to a one-way valve An automatic transport ventilator attached to an ET tube connector A jet insufflator device You have initiated positive pressure ventilation with a bag mask device on a 69 year old female in respiratory failure. You obtain chest rise with your first ventilation. You should next* prepare for endotracheal intubation. readjust the patient’s head position. insert an oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway. continue ventilating without further interventions. A 48 year old male began coughing violently during dinner. Just before your arrival, the coughing ceased and the patient began to turn blue. You observe that he is conscious but unable to speak. You cannot observe any breathing. You should* perform a finger sweep. initiate abdominal thrusts. attempt to ventilate with a BVM. begin chest compressions. A 31 year old male has a large, open hole in his chest wall just above his right nipple. Which of the following would best describe why he would be unable to inflate his lungs on inhalation?* Destruction of his diaphragm Inability to generate negative intrathoracic pressure Rising intrapleural pressure Inability to generate positive intrathoracic pressure Which of the following landmarks would be most appropriate for the placement of a needle cricothyroidotomy?* The cricothyroid membrane The cricoid ring The thyroid cartilage The thyroid gland A 65 year old female developed a rapid onset of aphasia and right-sided weakness. Over the next 30 minutes she has rapidly lost her mental status and is now unconscious. The patient has vomited twice and is unable to protect her airway. You should next* ventilate using a bag mask device. insert a supraglottic airway. insert an endotracheal tube. obtain a prehospital stroke scale. An 81 year old female is in severe respiratory distress secondary to an exacerbation of her COPD. She is working very hard to breathe and using a great many accessory muscles. She notes she is very tired. Her vital signs are P 120, R 44, BP 184/94. After initiating bronchodilator therapy, you should next* administer intramuscular epinephrine. administer 500 mL of normal saline. initiate CPAP. initiate rapid sequence intubation. A 91 year old female was diagnosed with rib fractures after a fall earlier this morning. Nursing home staff have called EMS now because the patient has an altered mental status and low oxygen saturation. You find the patient semiconscious, cyanotic and breathing shallowly, but with clear and equal lung sounds. You should first* administer high concentration oxygen. perform a needle decompression. begin positive pressure ventilation. initiate CPAP. A 35 year old male has overdosed on calcium channel blocker pills. He presents semiconscious and you note a very slow sinus bradycardia on the monitor. His vital signs are P 34, R 6, BP 70/40. You should first* administer glucagon. begin chest compressions. administer calcium chloride. initiate positive pressure ventilation. A 59 year old male has collapsed while watching a football game. He is unconscious. After assuring that the scene is safe, you should next* assess for breathing. assess for a pulse. defibrillate at 200J. begin chest compressions. A 14 year old male was thrown from an ATV at moderate speed. He is found unconscious with snoring respirations. You should first* consider spinal precautions. attempt to suction the patient’s airway. open the airway with a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver. elevate the patient’s head to a 30 degree angle. A 17 year old male began choking while eating. He is not breathing or coughing. First responders note that BLS foreign body airway procedures have failed. The patient is cyanotic and is barely conscious. You should next* prepare for a surgical airway. attempt a blind finger sweep. attempt to insert a supraglottic airway. begin CPR. The three fundamental pathologies of asthma include bronchospasm, mucous plugging and* alveolar membrane thickening. inflammation. vasoconstriction. hypocapnia. A 9 year old male has been sick with a sore throat for three days. His mother called EMS today when she found him gasping and making a crowing sound while breathing. You find the patient unconscious and apneic. First responders attempted intubation but identified a large mass around the tonsils that interfered with passing the tube. Attempts at bag mask ventilation have been unsuccessful. You should next* insert a supraglottic airway. administer racemic epinephrine. Initiate a surgical airway. attempt intubation again. You have just intubated a 59 year old male. You identified the epiglottis and visualized the tube as it passed the vocal cords. After inflating the cuff of the tube, you should next* confirm the tube with end-tidal capnography. confirm the presence of epigastric sounds. secure the tube using a commercial tube holder. begin 10-12 ventilations per minute. A 40 year old male complains of difficulty breathing. The patient does not speak English, but his family states he has had a fever for three days. You note he prefers an upright position and coughs/gags when he lays back even a little. You also note he has difficulty swallowing. You should suspect* an upper respiratory infection. anaphylaxis. epiglottitis. a foreign body airway obstruction. A 16 year old male has been shot in the neck. You find the patient seated and coughing blood. The wound is bleeding massively. You should first* attempt orotracheal intubation. apply an occlusive dressing. apply direct pressure. suction the airway. A 20 year old male complains of vertigo, nausea and a headache after being exposed to high levels of carbon monoxide caused by a poorly ventilated propane heater. Fire department meters confirm dangerously high levels. He is alert and his vital signs are P 98, R 20, BP 120/80. His pulse oximetry reads 97% on room air. You should first* administer calcium chloride. administer high concentration oxygen. administer low concentration oxygen. obtain a capnography reading. Which of the following is a true fact regarding bariatric patients?* The esophagus opens at higher pressures during PPV. They generally are more difficult to endotracheally intubate. They desaturate more rapidly than an average size person. They require more volume to ventilate when using PPV.