EMT Exam 1 Study Center > Simulated NREMT Tests > EMT Exam 1 Step 1 of 49 2% You witness a 26-year-old male have a tonic-clonic seizure. The seizure lasts roughly 3 minutes and then stops, leaving the patient unconscious, but responding to painful stimuli. As you reassess, you note snoring breathing. You should next*open the airway using a head tilt, chin lift maneuver.insert an oropharyngeal airway.suction the airway.administer 15 LPM of oxygen via a non-rebreather mask. While providing manual ventilations on an apneic adult male, you note resistance when you squeeze the bag-valve mask. What should you do?*Insert a nasopharyngeal airwayReposition the airwayAuscultate breath soundsAssess pulse oximetry A 24-year-old male has sustained a large laceration on his forearm after punching out a window. The bleeding is bright red and spurting. There are no other obvious injuries. You should first*apply direct pressure to the wound.apply a dressing and secure it with roller bandage.apply a pressure bandage.apply a tourniquet. What should you do if your paramedic partner tells you that you are not delivering enough minute ventilation while you ventilate an intubated patient?*Check pulse oximetry readingsIncrease the rate of ventilationDecrease volume of air in each ventilationReposition the airway A 66-year-old female complains of chest pain and nausea. She has vomited twice and is soaked in sweat. She is awake and her vital signs are P 44, R 30, BP 70/40. After completing a primary assessment, you should*assist the patient with 0.4mg of nitroglycerin.initiate positive pressure ventilations.initiate rapid transport and advanced life support intercept.attach the automated external defibrillator and analyze the heart rhythm. You are transporting a 32-year-old car crash victim when he experiences sudden dyspnea. Vital signs reveal tachycardia and tachypnea with labored respirations. Which exam finding do you expect to see?*Muffled heart tonesWheezingUnilateral decreased breath soundsNarrow pulse pressure You are assessing a 52-year-old male complaining of chest pain and dyspnea. You note crackles in both lobes bilaterally. Which best explains the breath sounds?*Increased plasma within the alveoliExcess mucous in the alveolar wallsBlood collecting in the alveoliConstriction in the terminal bronchioles You are preparing to transport a patient who fell from his deer blind. Access to the ambulance is nearly half a mile away. What is the best device to move the patient?*Stair chairBasket stretcherFlexible stretcherLong spine board You are first on the scene of a multiple casualty incident involving a hazardous material spill. There are critical and non-critical patients on scene. What should you do?*Wait for hazmat personnel to control the sceneBegin triaging patientsDirect patients to walk away from the scene if ableRequest everyone to remain in place for triage You are treating a 3-year-old patient who appears sleepy and pale as you approach. You note head bobbing and audible wheezes. What should you do?*Palpate the patient’s brachial pulseAdminister albuterol at 0.15 mg/kgVentilate with a pediatric bag-valve maskProvide blow-by oxygen While assessing a 16-year-old assault victim, you discover a small knife protruding from his right lower abdominal quadrant. After securing the object, you should*cut the impaled object.examine the impaled object’s angle of entry.use direct pressure to control hemorrhage around the object.palpate the unaffected abdominal quadrants. An 81 year old female is found unresponsive after collapsing in a mall. She appears not to be breathing. You should first*open the airway with a head tilt, chin lift maneuver.check for a carotid pulse.begin chest compressions.administer 2 rescue breaths using a bag-valve mask device. You have applied a tourniquet to a femoral artery bleed. After tightening it until it cannot be tightened further, the wound continues to bleed. You should next*elevate the extremity.remove the tourniquet.apply a second, proximal tourniquet.apply pressure to the arterial pressure point. A 16-year-old female has had an acute onset of difficulty breathing. Assessment finds audible wheezing and the patient’s brother states she takes a “puffer” daily to help prevent these breathing issues. You should suspect*COPD.asthma.anaphylaxis.a pulmonary embolism. A 67-year-old female was an unbelted passenger in a moderate speed motor vehicle crash. She is currently semi-conscious and you note a 3 cm laceration on the inside of her lower lip. Blood is filling her mouth and you note she is having trouble managing her airway. You should next*suction her airway with a rigid tip suction catheter.lay her supine to protect her spine.open her airway with a jaw thrust maneuver.apply direct pressure to the laceration. A 2-year-old child has an upper respiratory infection that is causing the tissue of her larynx to swell. Which of the following findings would be most commonly associated with this condition?*StridorWheezingAbsent lung sounds on the right sideRales (crackles) While on scene at an MCI event, you open the airway of a 4-year-old male trauma victim. He begins breathing at 30 breaths/ min. What should you do next?*Move to the next patientAssess for a pulseContinue your patient assessmentIdentify as first priority A 53 year old male complains of chest pain and shortnes of breath. He tells you he took one nitroglycerin prior to your arrival with our relief. You should first*assess his blood pressure.assist with administration of nitroglycerin.administer 325 mg aspirin.Ask if he felt the usual effects of the nitroglycerin A 91-year-old female collapses while attending church. Bystanders advise that her unconsciousness lasted approximately 1 minute and that no seizure activity was observed. The patient is awake now and states she feels weak and slightly dizzy. Her vital signs are P 100, R 20 BP 98/52. You should*place the patient in Trendelenburg position.administer nitroglycerin.administer oral glucose.contact advanced life support for evaluation of ECG. An 8-year-old male was stung by a bee and now has developed wheezing and hives all over his body. You recognize the urgent need for epinephrine, but the boy was found playing in the woods with only his underage friends. You should administer the epinephrine because*parental consent is not necessary to treat an 8-year-old.implied consent allows treatment in an emergency.in loco parentis grants consent.you and your partner can assume protective custody of this patient. You have a 19-year-old male with audible wheezes and hives on the face and neck after exposure to an allergen. You should*assist with the patient’s EpiPen.consider albuterol for wheezes.confirm hypotension.assess for urticaria. You are transporting a neonate who becomes limp. His pulse is 64. You should*Begin chest compressions.assess his pulse at the base of the umbilical cord.assist his ventilations at a rate of 40.Provide blow-by oxygen with an infant non-rebreather. You are treating a 52-year-old male with 3- to 5-word dyspnea with wheezes and crackles noted in both lobes bilaterally. He has a history of MI and congestive heart failure. Which treatment would benefit this patient the most?*Continuous positive airway pressure2.5 mg albuterol nebulized over 10 minutesPositive pressure ventilation with a bag-valve maskHigh flow oxygen via non-rebreather You are evaluating a 64-year-old lethargic male with rapid breathing. The patient’s wife states that he has been sick for the past few days with nausea and vomiting. Which finding should you expect?*Low glucose reading due to vomitingIncontinence due to seizure activityWheezes in all lung fieldsFruity smell on the breath Your 43-year-old car crash victim is in the driver seat with c-spine managed by a first responder. He becomes lethargic with labored respirations. You should*provide high-flow oxygen.attempt ventilations with a bag-valve mask.secure the patient with an extrication vest.immediately move the patient to your cot. A 66-year-old female has fallen from a standing position and struck her head on the sink. There was no loss of consciousness and she is currently awake and alert. Which of the following findings would most significantly suggest the need for further evaluation at the hospital?*The patient has had prior falls in the last yearThe patient has a headacheThe patient takes blood-thinning medicationsThe patient takes medications for vertigo You are ventilating a 6-year-old trauma victim when you note hypotension and tachycardia. What should*assess for jugular vein distention.perform a rapid trauma assessment.auscultate breath sounds.decrease volume of ventilations. After delivering a neonate, you note she is not breathing and has no muscle tone, but does have a pulse. You dry, warm and stimulate, but breathing does not begin. You should next*initiate blow-by oxygen.start chest compressions.attempt to stimulate the neonate again.begin positive pressure ventilations. Your 27-year-old female patient is 22 weeks gestation and complains of headaches and visual disturbances. What other exam finding do you expect to find?*Painless vaginal bleedingLower abdominal tearing painHigh blood glucose levelsElevated blood pressure When ventilating a cardiac arrest patient with an advanced airway in place the EMT should deliver compressions and ventilations:*At a ratio of 30 compressions to 2 breathsAt a ratio of 15 compressions to 2 breathsAsynchronous, between 100 - 120 compressions and 10 breaths per minuteAsynchronous, between 90 - 110 compressions and 10 breaths per minute Which of the following types of medical research would minimize potential bias most effectively and provide the best information with regard to medical decisions?*A case studyA retrospective studyA randomized controlled trialA meta-analysis A 7-year-old male has fallen from a tree and complains of abdominal pain. He is anxious, crying and seems slightly pale. His vital signs are P 128, R 28, BP 120/80. His capillary refill time is 3 seconds. These findings most likely indicate*nausea due to abdominal pain.shock.a traumatic brain injury.anxiety after the fall. A 55-year-old male has had a seizure. Family states that he is diabetic and has had an episode of very low blood glucose. They note they were searching for his “sugar pills” when the seizure occurred. The patient is currently unconscious, breathing and your blood glucose reading confirms “LO.” You should next*request advanced life support intercept.initiate chest compressions.place the patient’s dextrose tablets in his mouth.administer oral glucose. A 56-year-old female complains of shortness of breath. She states it began suddenly and was accompanied by palpitations in her chest. She is AOX3, slightly sweaty and you note she has some cyanosis around her lips. Her vital signs are P 200, R 38, BP 100/60. You should first*attach an AED.insert an oropharyngeal airway.administer high concentration oxygen via a non-rebreather mask.initiate positive pressure ventilations. A 19-year-old male has been ejected from a vehicle after a high speed motor vehicle crash. He is semi-conscious, is coughing blood and has a large laceration on his forehead. Before making contact with this patient you should*don gloves, a mask and eye protection.don an N-95 mask.take standard precautions.cover the patient’s mouth with a surgical mask. A 21-year-old male is unconscious after being ejected from a high speed motor vehicle crash. Upon reassessment you note that his blood pressure is rising, his pulse is slowing and he has Cheyne-Stokes breathing. These findings most likely indicate*a progressive spinal injury.rising intracranial pressure.a tension pneumothorax.decompensated hypovolemic shock. A 36-year-old male complains of headache and blurred vision. He suddenly becomes unconscious and extends his arms involuntarily. He is still breathing, but not responsive. You should suspect*hypoglycemia.a seizure.a stroke.a migraine headache. Speaking to a physician to gain permission to administer a medication to a patient is an example of*on-line medical control.off-line medical control.a protocol.standing orders. A 56-year-old male complains of chest pain. He is diaphoretic and anxious. During transport he begins to have a tonic-clonic seizure. You should first*open his airway.loosen tight clothing.administer high concentration oxygen.check for a pulse. A 49-year-old female has been involved in a moderate speed motor vehicle crash. She self-extricated from the car prior to EMS arrival and now complains of neck and back pain. You should*apply a long board while the patient is standing and lower her to the stretcher.not worry about spinal precautions since the patient self-extricated.apply a vest-type immobilization device and lift her to the stretcher.place a cervical collar and ask her to lie down on the stretcher. A 56 year old male complains of “crushing” sub-sternal chest pain, rating it at a 9 out of 10. He denies any difficulty in breathing or shortness of breath and has a room air oxygen saturation of 95%. You should:*Apply the AED pads to his chestAdminister oxygen at 15l/min via NRBGive 324mg of ASAAdminister oxygen at 2 l/min by nasal cannula A 41-year-old male presents with upper right quadrant abdominal pain. You note he has yellowish discoloration of his eyes and skin. He discloses to you that he has a history of IV drug use. These assessment findings most likely suggest*SARS.HIV.Ebola.Hepatitis C. Your resuscitation team is performing CPR on a 75-year-old male. The two-minute compression cycle has ended and the AED is currently analyzing. At this point you should*insert an airway adjunct.continue chest compressions until the shock advised warning.deliver two rescue breaths.switch compressors. You are at the scene of a mass casualty incident. Your first patient is a 7-year-old trauma victim with no apparent respirations. After positioning the airway, you should*determine the patient’s level of consciousness.provide 5 rescue breaths.palpate for a pulse.recheck for respirations. You are assessing a 5-month-old with vomiting for the past 2 days. During the secondary assessment, you note pronounced swelling near the anterior fontanelle. Which of the following exam findings should you expect?*Oral temperature of 102Deep, rapid respirationsPoor skin turgorDelayed capillary refill A 33-year-old male has been shot in the chest. Your primary assessment finds a patent airway and rapid, gasping respirations. A rapid examination of the chest identifies two large open holes in the chest wall. You should first*initiate positive pressure ventilations.initiate positive pressure ventilations.insert a nasal pharyngeal airway.seal the holes with occlusive dressings. Your 7-year-old car crash victim becomes irritable and combative to immobilization efforts. You should*discontinue immobilization and transport in position of comfort.use soft restraints to impede limb movement.persuade the patient to lie quietly, staying still, without restraints.continue immobilization with special care to the patient’s head. A 61-year-old male called EMS after experiencing pain in his left arm that radiated into his jaw. He notes the pain came on while moving boxes in his basement and was accompanied by some slight shortness of breath. The patient tells you that the symptoms subsided once he stopped working. He is currently pain free and denies shortness of breath. You should suspect*a muscular problem.a pulmonary embolism.angina pectoris.acute aortic aneurism. In which emergency would a singular incident command be most appropriate?Explosion at a local fair2-car collision with 11 patientsHazardous material leak with 30 casualtiesHouse fire with 6 casualties