EMT Exam 2 Study Center > Simulated NREMT Tests > EMT Exam 2 Step 1 of 50 2% You are assessing an 11-year-old car crash victim with pulse, motor, and sensory function intact in all 4 extremities. While evaluating his upper extremities, you note slight weakness in his right hand. Which of the following should you suspect?* Weakness due to hemorrhagic stroke Transection of the anterior spinal cord Spinal injury due to whiplash Beginning stages of spinal shock A 70-year-old male with a history of hypertension complains of acute onset, severe upper abdominal pain that radiates through to his back. He notes the pain is tearing in nature and states that it is a “ten” on a “one through ten” scale. These findings most likely indicate* acute appendicitis. acute coronary syndrome. spontaneous pneumothorax. abdominal aortic aneurism. A 19-year-old female complains of acute onset, lower quadrant abdominal pain on only her left side. She denies being sick, but notes that her menstrual period is a month late. You should suspect* placental abruption. ectopic pregnancy. appendicitis. aortic aneurism. A 40-year-old male had a sudden onset of altered mental status. He has an impaired gait, is slurring his speech and is profoundly sweaty. Your assessment reveals he has an insulin pump on his belt. You should suspect* a seizure. hyperglycemia. a stroke. hypoglycemia. Your 9-year-old asthma patient now needs positive pressure ventilations. Which of the following is the most appropriate method to ventilate this patient?* Coordinate with a second rescuer to ensure proper “E-C” technique Consult a color-based tape to determine appropriate bag-valve mask Ventilate with a pediatric bag-valve mask Use an adult bag-valve mask with encircling technique A five-year-old female has lost her hand in a lawnmower accident. Upon arrival you observe a complete amputation bleeding severely and the hand laying several feet away. You should first* stop the patient’s bleeding. lay the patient in shock position. keep the amputated hand moist and cool for transport. perform a detailed assessment to identify additional injuries. Your trauma patient has distended neck veins. He is most likely suffering from* Cardiac tamponade Pneumothorax Transected aorta Hemothorax You are treating an unresponsive 46-year-old female with deep, rapid respirations. What other exam finding do you expect to see?* Bradycardia Ipsilateral pupil dilation Elevated blood glucose Constricted pupils A 60-year-old male complains of chronic cough, weight loss and night sweats. He notes his primary residence is a local homeless shelter. Which of the following personal protective devices would specifically address the risk associated with the pattern of findings noted in your assessment?* A gown Gloves An N-95 mask A surgical mask You are on scene with an alert and oriented 27-year-old female patient. Her friend states that the patient became suddenly confused with a hollow stare for approximately 2 minutes. The patient’s skin is warm and dry. She has no memory of the event. Which option best identifies the cause of her altered state?* Seizure in the frontal lobe Drop in normal blood glucose level Ingestion of a narcotic Erratic electrical brain activity A 30-year-old male has been shot. As you approach him, you note he has gurgling respirations and massive bleeding coming from his left armpit. After assuring that the scene is safe, you should next* suction his airway. administer high concentration oxygen. apply an occlusive dressing over the wound. apply direct pressure to the bleeding. You are on scene at a roll-over car crash. The vehicle is on its roof in the street. Which equipment should be used to stabilize the vehicle?* Wheel chocks 4x4 wood cribbing Rope and chains Hook with cable After performing CPR, you stop compressions so the AED can analyze the rhythm. The AED appears to lose power. You should* Check pad placement and adhesion to the patient Resume compressions Troubleshoot the AED Check the pulse You are assessing a 5-year-old car crash victim who is anxious and crying. Which finding best demonstrates his ability to compensate for internal hemorrhage? Heart rate of 60 Awake but lethargic mental status Systolic pressure of 96 Shallow respirations at 22/min A junior member of your resuscitation team has been tasked with performing chest compressions on a cardiac arrest victim. You note his current rate of compressions is 130 per minute. As team leader you should suggest that he* slow his rate to below 100 per minute. slow his rate slightly to between 100 and 120 per minute. keep his rate exactly where it is. speed his rate up to between 150 and 180 per minute. You are treating an unresponsive and apneic trauma patient who has a tracheostomy tube. What should you do to manage his airway?* Ventilate with an infant mask over the stoma Perform a jaw-thrust maneuver Place a nasal cannula on the patient during ventilations Seal the nose and mouth during ventilations if necessary Your 38-year-old female patient complains of neck stiffness, visual disturbances, and nausea over the past few days. Vital signs are within normal limits for her age and her oral temperature is 98.7. You suspect* stroke. subarachnoid hemorrhage. hyperglycemia. meningitis. A 31-year-old male has overdosed on heroin. You find him unconscious with a respiratory rate of 4 breaths per minute. He is profoundly cyanotic but has a pulse. You should first* administer an epinephrine auto-injector. initiate positive pressure ventilations. administer 2 mg of naloxone via the intranasal route. package the patient for immediate transport. You have a 45-year-old female with complaint of upper mid-abdominal pain for the past 2 hours. She presents with high blood pressure and tachycardia. What should you do?* Administer 325 mg aspirin Ask about her last oral intake Assist with nitroglycerin administration Provide high flow oxygen You arrive on scene to a 3-year-old male with nausea and vomiting. As you enter the scene, what assessment should you perform?* Watch how the patient interacts with the environment Observe the patient’s work of breathing Obtain the patient’s chief complaint from the parent Check the patient’s capillary refill Which of the following actions would be considered a public health role of emergency medical services?* Injury prevention Restocking the ambulance after calls Providing emotional care Patient assessment You are on scene with a conscious, 25-year-old female with a knife wound near the inferior vena cava. Which physical exam finding do you expect?* Bilateral shoulder pain Abdominal distention Periumbilical ecchymosis Bruising to the flanks You are on scene with a critical trauma patient. There are multiple musculoskeletal fractures as well as facial trauma. The patient is lethargic with shallow respirations and diaphoretic skin. You should* call for immediate transport. suction the patient’s mouth with a rigid tube. assess distal circulation and motor function. open the airway with a jaw thrust. A 22-year-old female was burned after throwing gasoline onto a camp fire. You note second degree burns to her face and chest. She denies trouble breathing, but 10 minutes into the call develops a very hoarse voice and notes she has trouble speaking. You should next* immediately initiate transport and intercept with advanced life support. insert a nasopharyngeal airway. administer high concentration oxygen with humidified saline. initiate positive pressure ventilations. You arrive first to the scene of an 80-year-old male who has collapsed suddenly while walking. You identify cardiac arrest and begin chest compressions. Moments later a second rescuer arrives with an AED. You should* only attach the AED if compressions are unsuccessful. continue compressions while the second rescuer immediately attaches the AED. stop chest compressions immediately and assist with the placement of AED pads. wait until the two-minute cycle of compressions has been completed to attach the AED. You are ventilating a 52-year-old unresponsive male with a bag-valve mask when you note a rapid pulse and a significant drop in blood pressure. What complication might this patient be experiencing?* Vagal nerve stimulation due to positive intrathoracic pressure Decreased preload due to positive intrathoracic pressure Transition from a pneumothorax to tension pneumothorax Gastric distention from over-ventilation A 65-year-old male complains of a squeezing sensation in his chest. He notes it came on suddenly and was accompanied by shortness of breath. He is alert, slightly sweaty and his vital signs are P 100, R 22, BP 168/100. His pulse oximetry reads 91% on room air. You should* assist the patient with his small volume nebulizer. only administer oxygen if the pulse oximetry drops below 90%. administer 325 mg of aspirin orally. administer a metered dose of albuterol via an inhaler. A 78 year old female suddenly collapsed while in line at the store. She is now unresponsive and apparently not breathing. You should first* begin chest compressions. insert an oropharyngeal airway. check her pulse. deliver two rescue breaths. You are treating a 4-year-old with possible croup. He refuses oxygen via non-rebreather mask. What should you do?* Attempt to oxygenate with a nasal cannula Hold O2 tubing close to the patient’s face Explain how the mask will help his breathing Secure O2 tubing to a stuffed animal and place close to the patient’s face A 53 year old male has just been freed from an industrial machine after being entrapped for nearly an hour. He is responsive only to painful stimuli. His airway contains large amounts of dark red blood and his respirations are 6 and shallow. He has multiple soft tissue injuries with minor bleeding. You should* suction the oropharynx control bleeding of soft tissue injuries open the airway with a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver Immobilize the spine with a c-collar and long spine board You are treating a 3-year-old female in respiratory distress. Her mother states that the patient had a recent upper respiratory infection and worsening dyspnea at night. Which other clinical finding should you expect?* Excessive drooling Seal-like barking cough Painful swallowing Severely high temperature You note that over the last few weeks your veteran partner has become irritable, withdrawn and seemingly depressed. He discloses to you that he has been having trouble sleeping over the last few weeks. These findings strongly suggest* acute mental illness. an acute stress reaction. a cumulative stress reaction. exhaustion from poor sleeping habits. You approach a high-speed motor vehicle crash on a highway. Incident command waves your ambulance in to the crash scene. Which of the following locations would be most appropriate to park the ambulance?* Just prior to the crash Adjacent to the crash, blocking traffic After the crash, behind fire apparatus On the opposite side of the road from the crash A 3-year-old male is in cardiac arrest. Bag-valve mask ventilations have been ongoing for the last 15 minutes. The rescuer using the bag-valve mask device notes that it is becoming increasingly difficult to ventilate and tells you the patient’s belly has become very swollen. This condition is most likely caused by* gastric distension. pneumothorax. lower airway obstruction. upper airway obstruction. While transporting a 27-year-old female victim of a gunshot wound to the chest she becomes short of breath with shallow respirations. What should you do?* Remove the occlusive dressing for a few seconds Suction the patient’s airway Place the patient in the recovery position Assist ventilations with a bag-valve mask A 6-year-old male has been having an asthma attack for about 2 hours. He is breathing with significant effort. When listening to his chest, you are unable to hear lung sounds. He is semi-conscious and his vital signs are: P 74, R 40, BP 102/64. You should first* administer high concentration oxygen via a non-rebreather mask. begin chest compressions. insert an oropharyngeal airway. initiate positive pressure ventilations. A 47-year-old male fell 10 feet from scaffolding. He complains of right shoulder pain. Which of the following additional findings would indicate the need for spinal precautions?* The patient is intoxicated The fall was more than two times the patient’s height The patient is nauseated The shoulder pain radiates to the side of the patient’s neck You are part of an ambulance crew dispatched to a multiple casualty incident after triage is complete. You are assigned to begin treatment. Which patient should you treat first?* Pediatric with possible spinal cord damage Adult with partial-thickness burns to both arms Pediatric with partial-thickness burns to abdomen and right arm Adult with labored respirations and wheezing A 6-year-old female has developed a rash over her entire body, abdominal cramping and diarrhea after eating a cookie. Family states she has an allergy to nuts. Her vital signs are P 110, R 24, BP 102/60. You should* monitor the rash and transport. assist the patient with the administration of diphenhydramine. administer epinephrine only if breathing difficulties are observed. immediately administer epinephrine. You are transporting a 30-year-old female car crash victim who is 29 weeks gestation. During transport, she becomes short of breath and experiences lower abdominal cramps. What should you do?* Perform a rapid trauma exam Obtain the patient’s blood pressure Auscultate breath sounds Place the patient on her left side The diastolic blood pressure is directly related to which of the following?* Tidal Volume Systemic Vascular Resistance Preload Cardiac Output A 4 year old male is awake, upset, and presents with inspiratory stridor. You observe a small plastic toy in the back of his airway. What should you do?* Perform five abdominal thrusts. Manually extract the toy. Encourage the child to cough. Perform five back blows. A 60-year-old male complains of chest pain and shortness of breath. He tells you he has an implanted defibrillator in his chest and felt it discharge just prior to your arrival. The patient suddenly loses consciousness and your partner states that he has no pulse. You should next* begin chest compressions. clear the patient in case the implanted defibrillator discharges. administer two rescue breaths. attach your AED. You have been tasked with lifting a 250-pound patient from the bed to a stretcher. Which of the following lifting techniques would provide the most safety when executing the lift?* Bear weight with your legs, not your back Pull rather than push when possible Keep the weight as far from the body as possible Make sure to bend at the waist A 20-year-old female is in labor and actively pushing. When you assess the perineum, you note that a loop of umbilical cord has presented. You should next* place the mother in Trendelenburg position. insert a gloved hand to take pressure off the cord. initiate immediate transport. encourage the mother to push. You are assessing a 52-year-old male with fever, chills, and nausea for the past 4 days. He complains of lower left abdominal pain. What do you think is causing this?* Bacteria in the appendix Bacteria in a diverticula Crystallized solutes in the gallbladder Inflammation of the pancreas You are at the scene of a mass casualty incident and are tasked with monitoring responders for stress. Which supervisory role do you report to?* Triage supervisor EMS branch director Staging supervisor Rehabilitation supervisor You are transporting a 4-year-old male patient in respiratory distress after an asthma attack when you notice increased lethargy and decreased respiratory effort. You should* check the patient’s pulse. Administer high flow oxygen. provide a second dose of albuterol. ventilate with a bag-valve mask. You are treating a patient that was exposed to burning freon at a factory fire. What physical exam finding do you expect see?* Pulmonary edema hours after exposure Formation of large blisters Excessive tearing and emesis Seizures during exposure A 78-year-old male has fallen and struck his head. He attempted to get up, but soon thereafter lost consciousness and collapsed. The patient has a pulse and breathes when his airway is manually opened, however breathing stops when you take your hands away. You should next* immediately auscultate lung sounds. initiate positive pressure ventilations with a bag-valve mask device. insert an oropharyngeal airway. administer high concentration oxygen via a non-rebreather mask.